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Definition
A digital certificate is an electronic document that uses cryptographic keys to verify the identity of a website, user, or organization. It is issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) and ensures secure communication over networks like the internet.

Why it matters
Digital certificates are essential for establishing trust online. They encrypt data transfers, prevent impersonation, and are the foundation of HTTPS, protecting sensitive information like passwords and payment details.

Example use case
An e-commerce website uses a digital certificate to enable HTTPS. When a customer visits the site, the certificate confirms the site’s identity and encrypts all data exchanged during checkout.