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Definition
A virtual private network, or VPN, is a tool that routes internet traffic through an encrypted connection. It can help protect data when using public networks and may hide the user’s IP address from websites, apps, or network observers.

Why it matters
VPNs matter because they can add privacy and protection when users connect through shared or unsecured networks. They are often used to reduce exposure on public Wi-Fi, protect business access, and make online activity harder to intercept.

Example use case
An employee connects to airport Wi-Fi before accessing company tools. They turn on a VPN, which encrypts their connection and helps protect sensitive work data while they use the public network.